The historical evolution of the Russian railway technical operation rules

Relevance. For almost two centuries, rail transport has been and remains one of the key means of transportation. Due to this, it is necessary to ensure traffic safety, which should be reflected in the basic rules applicable to railway transport. This article is devoted to the analysis of the rules of technical operation of railway transport from the end of the XIX century to the present. The development of railway techniques and technologies reflects not only progress in the engineering and technical fields, but also the vast context of social, economic, political and scientific changes. The study of the evolution of the rules of technical operation allows us to trace these changes and draw conclusions about how scientific and technical innovations were formed and introduced into the practice of railway transport.

Purpose of the study is to study the evolution of the rules of technical operation of Russian railway transport in different periods of time.

Objective is to conduct a comparative analysis of the evolution of the rules of technical operation of railway transport from the end of the XIX century to the present to identify changes in the basic requirements for safety and technical characteristics, to identify the causes of changes and the influence of political, economic and technological factors on the formation of these rules; to assess the role of changes in the context of the development of the railway system.

Methodology. The research is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. To solve the tasks set, such methods as historical-comparative, historical-genetic, historical-typological were used.

Results. A comparison of the provisions of the rules of technical operation of railways made it possible to objectively assess the impact of scientific and technological progress in the field of railway transport on the formation and strengthening of regulatory and technical traffic safety.

Conclusion. The author came to the conclusion that the rules of technical operation of railways have undergone a number of changes, innovations, exceptions and improvements over their history, but many provisions remain unchanged to this day. The accumulated operational, technical and normative experience is necessary for further improvement of the safety system in Russian railway transport.

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