Organizational foundations of the post-war restoration of the railway healthcare system in the territories of the Central Chernozem regions (1945‒1959)

The relevance. The geopolitical situation that has developed at the moment, of course, emphasizes the extremely important importance of providing timely and qualified medical care, primarily in critical and non-standard conditions. In 2024, the healthcare system on the country's railways turns 180 years old. During this time, Russian transport medicine has accumulated a wealth of experience in maintaining the health of railway workers and their family members, even in the most difficult periods of history. In the post-war years, there was an active restoration of the functioning of medical and sanitary institutions on railway transport. By 1950, large-scale work was carried out in the Central Chernozem region to expand the medical network and the volume of services for railway workers, their family members, as well as industry veterans. It should be noted that the railway healthcare system has performed and continues to perform important social functions, guaranteeing medical care to employees with a special regime of performing professional duties. That is why the study of the experience of the functioning of transport medicine is relevant today.

The purpose of the study is to comprehensively consider the organizational, managerial, and logistical conditions for the development of transport healthcare in the Central Chernozem region in the 1940s and early 1950s.

The objectives: to reveal the specifics of healthcare in railway transport in the period under review; to characterize the main problems in the organization of medical care for railway workers.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were used as the methodological basis of the work. To solve the tasks set, the author used historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective methods.

Results. The study and generalization of archival sources made it possible to objectively assess the specifics and problems of medical care for railway workers in the regions of the Central Chernozem region in the first post-war years.

Conclusions. During the period under review, transport healthcare in the Central Chernozem region was actively restored and developed. The full-fledged provision of qualified medical care to railway workers was primarily hampered by logistical problems.

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