Organization of Specialized Commercial Service of Railway Transport Workers in the 1930s (Based on Materials from the Kursk Region)

The relevance of the work lies in the need to develop the most optimal model for providing food and essential goods to employees of institutions and organizations with special working conditions. The traveling nature of the work of railway workers with a sliding schedule of functional duties requires the creation of additional guarantees of their social security. Generalization of the experience of the organization of departmental trade in historical retrospect makes it possible to solve the emerging organizational problems of our time. The undeveloped nature of this topic in scientific terms makes it possible to fill in the gaps in the reflection of the socio-economic history of Russia and the region in one of its most controversial periods – the first half of the twentieth century.
The purpose of the study is to reveal the specifics of the organization of specialized trade services for transport workers at the Kursk railway junction in the 1930s on the basis of archival sources.
Tasks: to identify and study the materials of regional and departmental archives about the departments of labor supply; to note the role of party and trade union organizations in the trade service of transport workers; to determine the specifics of the supply of railway workers with food and industrial goods.
Methodology. During the research, the authors adhered to the key principles of historical science – objectivity and historicism.
Results. Generalization of the experience of organizing departmental trade to serve the daily needs of railway workers in the 1930s. It is proved that the transition from cooperative to centralized trade has become an effective measure to improve the supply of railway workers.
Conclusions. The activities of the work supply departments contributed to the timely and high-quality satisfaction of the needs of railway workers, but required control and additional support. Trade union organizations of transport provided assistance to ORS and their subsidiary farms, controlled the timely and correct use of goods. To a large extent, the increase in trade volumes was due to self-procurement and the purchase of goods in excess of the plan.

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