Problems of Medical Protection of Motherhood and Childhood in the first Post-War Decade (based on Materials from the Kursk Region)

Relevance. This article examines the actual problem of medical protection of mothers and children in the Kursk region in the post-war period. This problem is one of the main directions through which our country strove to overcome the serious demographic crisis associated with colossal human losses during the Great Patriotic War. The experience gained then in overcoming the demographic crisis is instructive for our time, when the country is faced with similar problems.
The purpose – consider the main problems of medical protection of mothers and children in the Kursk region in the post-war period (1945-1955).
Objectives: consider the material difficulties that Kursk medicine faced in addressing issues of medical protection of motherhood and childhood; analyze the main directions of medical protection of mothers and children, establish the main results of the work of Kursk medicine in this direction.
Methodology. The article is based on the principles of historicism, consistency, and scientific objectivity. All this presupposes an impartial analysis of archival documents, taking into account the specific historical situation.
Results. On the basis of archival documents, which are first introduced into scientific circulation, the article reveals the main problems faced by Soviet medicine in the post-war years, including the colossal material damage inflicted on health care institutions during the occupation, a shortage of qualified medical personnel, and the search for the optimal structure of medical institutions, the revealed results of overcoming and solving these problems.
Conclusion. The author concludes that, despite the existing difficulties and shortcomings, the network of medical institutions in the Kursk region in 1945-1955 not only restored the pre-war positions, but also made a significant step forward in addressing issues of medical protection of mothers and children.

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