Refusal of the Suspect from the Right to Telephone Conversation: Problematic Aspects of Legislative Regulation and Law Enforcement

Relevance. The detainee's right to a telephone conversation, as a guarantee of the protection of his rights and legitimate interests, is often the subject of scientific discussions, but the waiver of this right is only implied in the context of its scientific understanding as a whole. The absence of this part of scientific knowledge has a negative impact on the effectiveness of the protection of the rights of the detainee, the fruitfulness of scientific developments in the field of ensuring his freedom at the disposal of subjective law.
The purpose of the study is to create an effective model for providing conditions for a conscious and voluntary refusal of the right to a telephone conversation, as a result of which to develop proposals for improving the current criminal procedure legislation in the relevant part.
Objective: to reveal the meaning of the right to telephone conversation, to consider the signs of refusal of this right as its competence, to identify and analyze violations of the provisions of the criminal procedure law related to the subject of research and to develop proposals for its improvement.
Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the provisions of the general scientific dialectical method of cognition of the surrounding reality in its connection and interaction, the general scientific systematic approach. In the course of the work, formal legal, comparative legal methods, the method of observation and questionnaire were used.
Results. Currently, the legislator does not provide adequate guarantees of the freedom of expression of a person's will when deciding on the implementation/non-realization of the right to a telephone conversation. In this regard, proposals have been developed to amend the Criminal procedure Law in the part related to the subject of the study.
Conclusion. The creation of a proper procedural regime for the exercise of the right to a telephone conversation and appropriate conditions for refusing it is of primary importance for ensuring the procedural rights of the suspect, which necessitates further improvement of the criminal procedure law.

1. Markelov A. G., Kupcov V. A. Pravo na telefonnyj razgovor v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve Rossii: garantii i problemy realizacii [The right to a telephone conversation in the criminal proceedings of Russia: guarantees and problems of implementation]. Vestnik Rossijskogo universiteta kooperacii = Bulletin of the Russian University of Cooperation, 2016, no. 2(24), pp. 113–117.

2. Ivanov A. Pravo na zashchitnika i pravo na zvonok [The right to a defender and the right to a call]. Advokatskaya gazeta = Advocate newspaper, 2015, October 16.

3. Ragulin A. Pravo na telefonnyj zvonok [The right to a phone call]. Advokatskaya gazeta = Advocate newspaper, 2015, March 27.

4. Dobrynin K. O prave na zvonok [About the right to call]. Advokatskaya gazeta = Lawyer newspaper, 2015, December 23.

5. Artamonova E. A. Voleiz"yavlenie obvinyaemogo v sisteme pravovyh kategorij i osnovnyh nachal ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva. Avtoref. diss. dokt. yurid. nauk [The will of the accused in the system of legal categories and basic principles of criminal proceedings. Cand. legal sci. abstract diss.]. Saratov, 2019. 439 p.

6. Artamonova E. A. O voleiz"yavlenii obvinyaemogo (podozrevaemogo) na izmenenie processual'noj formy [About the will of the accused (suspect) to change the procedural form]. Sibirskie ugolovno-processual'nye i kriminalisticheskie chteniya = Siberian criminal procedural and criminalistic readings, 2015, no. 2(8), pp. 23–30.

7. Chebotareva I. N., Pashutina O. S., Revina I. V. Priznaki otkaza ot sub"ektivnogo prava v ugolovnom processe kak akta voleiz"yavleniya [Recognition of the denial of subjective rights in an enlarged process how the act of wills]. Izvestiya Yugo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoriya i pravo = Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: History and Law, 2020, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 62–72.

8. Chebotareva I. N., Pashutina O. S., Revina I. V. Otkaz ot sub"ektivnogo prava kak fenomen v ugolovnom processe Rossii [Rejection of subjective law as a phenomenon in the criminal process of Russia]. Kursk, Universitetskaya kniga Publ., 2020. 250 p.

9. Kopylova O. P. Mery prinuzhdeniya v ugolovnom processe [Coercive measures in criminal proceedings]. Tambov, TGTU Publ., 2011. 120 p.

10. Shchetinina N. V. Aktual'nye aspekty primeneniya stat'i 302 Ugolovnogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii, predusmatrivayushchej otvetstvennost' za prinuzhdenie k dache pokazanij [Actual aspects of the application of Article 302 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which provides for liability for coercion to testify]. Vestnik Ural'skogo yuridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii = Bulletin of the Ural Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2019, no. 2, pp. 91–94.

11. Zamylin E. I. Ubezhdenie i prinuzhdenie v strukture sredstv i metodov preduprezhdeniya i nejtralizacii nepravomernogo vozdejstviya zainteresovannyh lic [Persuasion and coercion in the structure of means and methods of preventing and neutralizing the unlawful influence of interested persons]. Yurist"-Pravoved" = Jurist-Pravoved, 2010, no. 3, pp. 58–62.

12. Kovriga Z. F. Ugolovno-processual'noe prinuzhdenie [Criminal procedural coercion]. Voronezh, Izd-vo Voronezh un-ta, 1975. 175 p.

13. Sopneva E. V. Ohrana prav podozrevaemogo lica [Protection of the rights of a suspect]. Mir nauki, kul'tury, obrazovaniya = World of Science, culture, education, 2014, no. 4 (47), pp. 437–438.

14. Artamonova E. A. Voleiz"yavlenie obvinyaemogo v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve [The will of the accused in criminal proceedings]. Moscow, Yurlitinform Publ., 2019. 336 p.

15. Larin A. M., Mel'nikova E. B., Savickij V. M. Ugolovnyj process Rossii [The criminal process of Russia]; ed. by V. M. Savickij. Moscow, BEK Publ., 1997. 314 p.

16. Ishmuhametov Ya. M. "Yazyk sudoproizvodstva" kak princip rossijskogo ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva. Avtoref. diss. kand. yurid. nauk ["The language of legal proceedings" as a principle of Russian criminal proceedings. Cand. legal sci. abstract diss.]. Izhevsk, 2006. 28 p.

17. Baev O. Ya. Dilemmy sovremennogo pravovogo mekhanizma zaderzhaniya podozrevaemogo [Dilemmas of the modern legal mechanism of detention of a suspect]. Obshchestvennaya bezopasnost', zakonnost' i pravoporyadok v III tysyacheletii = Public safety, legality and law and order in the III millennium, 2016, no. 1(1), pp. 7–11.

18. Zajcev R. Ya. Osobennosti realizacii prava na odin telefonnyj razgovor lica, zaderzhannogo v poryadke proizvodstva po delam ob administrativnyh pravonarusheniyah [Features of the realization of the right to one telephone conversation of a person detained in the order of proceedings in cases of administrative offenses]. Obshchestvo i pravo = Society and Law, 2019, no. 3 (69), pp. 120–124.

19. Kuznecova S. I., Roor M. A. Problemy realizacii prava zaderzhannogo, ne vladeyushchego russkim yazykom, na telefonnyj zvonok [Problems of realization of the right of a detainee who does not speak Russian to make a phone call]. Vestnik Barnaul'skogo yuridicheskogo instituta MVD Rossii = Bulletin of the Barnaul Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2016, no. 2(31), pp. 54–55.

20. Pushkarev V. V. Pravo na telefonnyj razgovor v ugolovnom sudoproizvodstve [The right to a telephone conversation in criminal proceedings]. Novaya nauka: opyt, tradicii, innovacii = New Science: experience, traditions, innovations, 2016, no. 11–2, pp. 183–185.

21. Orlova A. A. O realizacii principa "Yazyk ugolovnogo sudoproizvodstva" v rossijskom ugolovnom processe [On the implementation of the principle of "The language of criminal proceedings" in the Russian criminal process]. Problemy pravoohranitel'noj deyatel'nosti = Problems of law enforcement, 2016, no. 2, pp. 17–19.

22. Baev M. O., Baev O. Ya. Sovremennyj pravovoj mekhanizm zaderzhaniya podozrevaemogo v sovershenii prestupleniya i problemy ego sovershenstvovaniya [The modern legal mechanism of detention of a suspect in the commission of a crime and the problems of its improvement]. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Pravo = Proceedings of Voronezh State University. Series: Law, 2016, no. 2, pp. 229–238.