Will-substituting court decision as the main legal means of judicial substitution of the will of subjects of civil law

Relevance. A will-substituting court decision is the main legal instrument of the mechanism of judicial substitution of the will of subjects of civil law, but despite the scientific recognition of the concept of judicial substitution of the will of subjects of civil law, the concept of a will-substituting court decision has not been developed, but is already used in decisions of Russian courts, which predetermines the importance of its theoretical study.

The purpose of the study is to develop scientifically substantiated provisions on a will-substituting court decision.

Research: formulating the author's definition of the concept of will; identifying the types of substitution of the will of subjects of civil law; developing the concept of a will-substituting court decision and analyzing the limits of judicial intervention in the volitional aspect of subjects of civil law.

Methodology. The study is based on the general dialectical method, the method of analysis, the formal-legal method, and the comparative-legal method.

Results. In order to develop a methodology for judicial substitution of will, it is determined that the will should be understood as the result of a conscious choice by the subject of an option for his own behavior. Substitution of the will of subjects of civil law, depending on the presence of a jurisdictional feature in the process of formation of the will, can be of two types: 1) extra-judicial substitution of will; 2) judicial substitution of will. As a result of judicial substitution of will, a transaction is not concluded, but a will-substituting court decision is issued, which is a replacement (alternative) to the transaction.

Conclusions. A will-substituting court decision is understood as a positive court decision that forcibly supplements the missing will and/or transactional expression of will of subjects of civil law and, at the moment of entry into legal force, proclaims the fiction of the expression of will, which does not require the actual performance of any actions by the subject of law.

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