Transforming the Political System in Afghanistan: the Challenge of Forming an "Inclusive Government"

Relevance. The coming to power of the Islamic radical Taliban movement banned in the Russian Federation in Afghanistan in August 2021 was a serious reason for the world community to discuss the problems of forming an "inclusive government" in the country. The transformation of the political regime entails very difficult tasks for the political leaders of Afghanistan: firstly, to form a national government in the country; secondly, to develop effective mechanisms for the management of modern finance and the economy etc. This problem is urgent due to the fact that the solution of the Afghan issue affects the national security of both the countries of Central Asia and Russia.
The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the objective and subjective factors of the transformation of the political regime in Afghanistan, as well as the identification of pressing problems of the formation of an "inclusive government" in the country.
The objectives of the study were: substantiation of the conditions for the change of power in Afghanistan and the identification of ideological contradictions among the ethno political forces of the country; analysis of geopolitical interests of leading countries of the world, as well as the European Union, regarding the change of government in Afghanistan and the establishment of the authority of the Taliban movement; Identifying effective conditions for international security in addressing the Afghan issue, both at the international and regional levels.
Methodology. The study was conducted based on general scientific and applied methods of scientific knowledge, including structural-functional and comparative methods, systemic analysis.
Results. The most important aspects that reveal the structural and functional characteristics of the highest authority created by the Taliban in the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, proclaimed by them, indicate its theocratic foundations. The Afghan issue needs to be addressed at both the regional and global levels.
Conclusions. An assessment of the geopolitical interests of world players regarding the change of government in Afghanistan showed that, in general, international actors are ready for dialogue with the Taliban on issues of international recognition and legitimacy of the national Afghan government.

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