Relevance. General theoretical study of the principle of justice in the legal process is relevant in light of the ever-increasing demand of our civil society for justice in general and in connection with its undeniable significance in legal proceedings - jurisdictional process. Study of the principle of justice from the standpoint of the general theory of law as a basic science enables branch sciences, such as criminal, civil, arbitration, administrative processes, to obtain the necessary information about the role and significance for them of the essence and content of the principle of justice as one of the basic principles in the system of procedural principles of modern jurisprudence. The purpose of this study is to attempt to show, based on the essence of justice as such, its determinacy of other principles of the legal process in general and its type - jurisdictional process, as well as individual problems in law enforcement in relation to this principle.

Objectives. To disclose the idea of this article, the following objectives were set and solved: to define the concept of jurisdictional process; to correlate the principles of law and legal principles, as well as the principle of justice with other principles; to identify some problems in the legislative consolidation of the principle of justice in the jurisdictional process.

Methodology. The methodological basis of the study includes general scientific techniques and methods of scientific knowledge, as well as special and specific scientific methods - formal-legal and interpretive.

Results. This study allows us to determine the role and significance of the principle of justice in the jurisdictional process in relation to other procedural principles and to note some gaps (indifference) in the legislation.

Conclusion. Given the unconditional significance of the principle of justice in the jurisdictional process, it is necessary to legislatively consolidate it in such procedural codes as the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.

Relevance. The theory of the functions of law at the present stage of the development of domestic jurisprudence occupies one of the leading places in the general theory of law. Despite the sufficient elaboration of the relevant section, the gradual transformations of public relations, the increment of new knowledge in related fields of knowledge require further scientific research. Thus, in accordance with the author's concepts, one of the significant places in the system of social functions of law is occupied by the memorial function. The presented problems deserve special attention in the context of international law, the connection of which with memory is the most distinct. The purpose of the study is to assess the importance of the memorial function of law in the system of other functions on the example of international humanitarian law.

Objectives: to study the genesis and evolution of international humanitarian law; to identify the relationship between memory and the essence of law (using the example of international humanitarian law); to study the manifestations of the memorial function in the content of international humanitarian law.

Methodology. The methodological basis of the research was the principles of scientific, systematic and historicism. The work uses dialectical-materialistic, historical-legal and formal-legal methods, as well as the method of content analysis.

Results. Using the example of international humanitarian law, the article reveals the fundamental foundations of the idea of the memorial function of law. The author analyzes the relationship of memory with the nature, essence and content of international humanitarian law. As examples demonstrating the expression of the memorial function in international humanitarian law, the norms of customary and contractual (Hague and Geneva law) are given.

Conclusions. The paper substantiates the conclusion that the formation of the relevant international legal branch was due to the accumulation in the memory of the international community of evidence of the horrors and losses that the war entails. It is noted that the essence of international humanitarian law is related to the protection of the most significant values for the international community, the need for special attention to which has been formed in social memory on the basis of accumulated experience in warfare.

Relevance. The relevance lies in the need for a comprehensive study of the legal forms of ensuring security in the administrative and public sphere: a competence-based approach to personnel and career modeling, ethics of official behavior, reasonable state and public control over certain types of permitted activities of Russian officials, support for the social status of an employee.

Purpose. The purpose is a legal analysis of existing areas of personnel policy to prevent occupational risks within the framework of security, including the identification of positive examples of the functioning of similar foreign institutions.

Objective. The objectives are to summarize scientific positions on the methodology of ensuring safety in the personnel management system; consideration of legislative innovations in the regulation of the sphere of labor; identification of risks of illegal and unethical behavior of officials at various stages of professional activity, identification of legal ways to eliminate them; assessment of foreign experience in the field of personnel security.

Methodology. The use of formal-dogmatic, comparative-legal and other scientific methods made it possible to identify a system of measures taken by administrative and public structures in order to overcome threats to the high-quality and objective performance of official duties by employees of public agencies.

Results. The results are in the importance of transforming the personnel selection mechanism (the preliminary stage of the process of filling a public position), eliminating the shortcomings of the existing practice of competitive procedures, preventing illegal, unethical behavior of employees. Elements of novelty are present in the proposal to develop measures to regulate the initial stage of personnel work in civil institutions, which is currently limited by formal requirements for candidates and regulated by various departmental acts.

Conclusion. It is concluded that it is necessary to improve the procedures for the admission and distribution of personnel to public agencies in the Russian Federation, including improving a number of competitive procedures based on anonymity by analogy with foreign experience.

Relevance. Currently, the Russian state is in search of a positive model for building a sovereign state capable of countering global threats and challenges of our time, a special order of the world order that allows different countries to freely coexist and develop regardless of their size of territory, geographical location, military, demographic and resource potentials, political and socio-economic structure. In these conditions, it is particularly relevant to comprehend the existing political and legal experience of building Russian statehood and the establishment of a unified ideology based on traditional values.

The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the constant constants that make up the traditional values of the Russian state.

Objectives: to identify the traditional values inherent in the national statehood; to give a general description of the identified traditional Russian values; to assess the possibility of applying traditional values of Russia to build a modern model of Russian statehood.

Methodology. The research used such methods of scientific cognition as historical, comparative methods, method of analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization.

Results. The study found that in Russia such semantic constants as traditionalism, patriarchy, community, conciliarity and some others, reflected in modern domestic legal doctrine, were formulated as traditional values of Russian society and the state.

Conclusion. It has been established that the values of Russian statehood formed over the centuries can now become the basis for building an integral concept of the development of the modern Russian state, strengthening traditional Russian spiritual and moral constants, preserving the historical and cultural heritage of the multinational people of Russia, as well as for the formation of a stable and just world order, a multipolar system of international relations.

Relevance. The study of issues of protection of fundamental rights and freedoms of man and citizen since the birth of Russian constitutionalism and to this day is one of the key areas in legal science. The essence of constitutional protection of passive electoral rights in Russia belongs to the little-studied aspects of domestic constitutional law. In no small measure, a certain impetus for the present study was the tendentious scale of the loss of the status of candidates during the election campaign of 2021 for the election of deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation.

The purpose of the study is to update theoretical and practical approaches to the protection of passive electoral rights of Russian citizens, to conceptually clarify the definitive series that collectively affect the effectiveness of constitutional and legal protection of the declared subjective rights.

Objectives: to analyze the conceptual foundations and structural components of constitutional protection in general and passive electoral rights in particular, taking into account the provisions of the general theory of law and branch science, legislation, interpretation of constitutional justice bodies.

Methodology. Study was based on the dialectical method of cognition, as well as such general scientific and special research methods as: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, statistical, formal-logical and comparative-legal methods.

The results of the study allowed to form the conceptual basis of the constitutional protection of passive electoral rights in Russia in the paradigm of constitutional and branch science, namely: to present the author's conclusions and generalisations about the interpretation of passive electoral rights of Russian citizens; their constitutional protection; functional orientation of its mechanism.

Conclusion. The constitutional protection of passive electoral rights of Russian citizens is a law-supporting mechanism determined by constitutional provisions to prevent violations and eliminate obstacles in the implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to be elected to public authorities.

Relevance. Local self-government as one of the forms of public power closestй to the population is in constant development. The peculiarity of municipal authorities is the use of various organizational tools, including mechanisms of inter-municipal cooperation. The broad participation of the Russian Federation in interstate associations actualizes the use of new forms of partnership between municipalities at the international level. The study identifies legal problems and barriers that do not allow effective cooperation, and presents ways to overcome them.

The purpose of the study is to develop sound theoretical provisions that complement the science of constitutional law, as well as to identify пределthe limits of constitutional compliance when using new forms of inter-municipal cooperation.

Objectives: to analyze the practice of applying municipal partnership mechanisms at the level of interstate associations; to identify inaccuracies and gaps in legal acts in the field of organizing cooperation between domestic and foreign municipalities; to provide scientifically based ways to overcome legal barriers that do not allow effective interaction between municipalities.

Methodology. В работе использовались Methodsы of analysis, synthesis, as well as the formal legal method in combination with the method of comparative law, legal modeling and forecasting were used in the work.

The results of the study are scientifically based theoretical provisions that characterize the features of municipal cooperation at the interstate level, as well as proposals on the need to fill in gaps and inaccuracies in legal regulation.

Conclusion. A legal gap is identified at the level of international treaties on cross-border and inter-territorial cooperation of the CIS and BRICS, which is related to the lack of legal mechanisms for inter-municipal cooperation. The study suggests the use of a wide range of standard agreements in the framework of the organization of cooperation of municipalities. The article substantiates the possibility of establishing an inter-territorial management body that coordinates partner municipalities. The paper presents a forecast on the development of municipal administration and the formation of a new type of agglomerations – cross-border urban agglomerations with the participation of the Russian Federation.

The relevance of the article is determined by the study of the status of the payer of the tax on professional income - the subject of the application of a special tax regime. The analysis of the status of a legal entity involves: its characteristics in the field of civil, tax and other legal relations; the specifics of its payment of insurance premiums, participation in state and municipal procurement, procurement of certain types of legal entities; identification of law enforcement problems and analysis of development prospects.

The purpose is to identify potential opportunities for realizing the status of a payer of professional income tax at the present stage.

Metodology. The methodological basis of the study is a combination of general scientific and special legal research methods, the use of which will ensure a logically consistent and systematic study of the legal status of a taxpayer of professional income tax.

Results. The study revealed: features of registration of professional income tax payers, their payment of tax, insurance premiums, participation in state (municipal) procurement, as well as other elements of status; distinguishing features of the legal status of professional income tax payers and individual entrepreneurs.

Conclusions. With the introduction of amendments to the Federal Law "On Protection of Competition", the legal status of the taxpayer of the professional income tax was institutionalized, legalized as an economic entity, which made it possible for them to receive subsidies, provide other measures of state support, and participate more actively in state (municipal) procurement. It has been proven that engaging in certain types of activities and concluding a social contract are directly related to the acquisition of official status, including the status of an economic entity

Relevance. The increasing divorce rates in Russia give rise to pressing legal and social challenges, particularly concerning the rights of children and fathers. Legal doctrine reveals a significant gap in both normative and ideological protection of fathers’ rights, resulting in discriminatory practices, especially in the resolution of disputes over child residence and visitation. This article urges the academic community to reconsider current presumptions and underscores the necessity of developing a legal framework aimed at establishing a robust institution of fatherhood, a matter that is particularly pertinent in the contemporary context.

The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze gaps in the regulation of legal aspects of fatherhood within national legislation, to develop fundamental principles for the institution of fatherhood, and to ensure the equality of parental rights in matters concerning the protection of children’s interests.

The objectives tasks encompass an analysis of law enforcement practices in the sphere of fatherhood, a study of existing legal norms and doctrines, and the formulation of proposals aimed at establishing a comprehensive legal framework for the institution of fatherhood in Russia.

The research methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of legal norms, judicial practice, sociological and psychological data. Systemic, comparative-legal and formal-logical methods were used to identify gaps in the regulation of fathers' rights and to develop proposals for their elimination.

The results of the research demonstrate that the absence of a formal institution of fatherhood within Russian legislation results in discriminatory practices against fathers in judicial proceedings, particularly concerning the determination of a child’s residence and restrictions on parental access. Recommendations have been developed for the establishment of a fatherhood framework and legal reforms aimed at safeguarding the interests of both children and parents.

The conclusion of the study is the need to revise law enforcement practice and develop the legal institution of paternity, which will eliminate discrimination against men in family legal relations and create equality of rights for parents.

Relevance. The subjects of the modern family in practice are increasingly recognised not only by parents and children, but also by other persons living both together and separately from the parents (one of them), thereby raising the problems of their participation in upbringing a child. So we can distinguish several significant legal gaps of this topic as: the absence of appropriate terminology; the absence of due procedure for applying legal family liability measures for improper education of a child; the lack of legal grounds for the termination of parental relations between the relevant parent and the child, as well as between the parents, when one of the spouses undergoes sex reassignment. The study of these problems and the ratio of interests of various participants in parental legal relations will help to identify and eliminate potential conflicts, providing the protection of the rights and interests of children.

The purpose of the study is to determine the ratio of the interests of parents and other persons living with them in the exercise of parental rights.

The objectives of the study: determination of the subject composition of persons involved in parental legal relations; determination of the range of other persons participating in the upbringing of the child and living both with their parents and separately from them; justification of the need for legal consolidation of the status of such persons.

Methodology. The article is based on analysis, description, deduction, generalization and formal-legal metds.

Results. The conducted study establishes the marriage between the parents of the child, de facto marriage of one of the parents, the use of assisted reproductive techniques and some other factors affect the formation of a special parent’s subject within the parental relationship.

Conclusion. Other persons, living together with the child and one of his parents, often actually exercise parental rights without holding any parental duties and can’t be held liable for inadequate exercise of parental rights.

Relevance. The largest share of online purchases by Russians was made in the popular category "travel and accommodation" which requires the transfer of personal data by a tourist. It follows from statistical reports on the development of the tourism industry. Personal data of a tourist as a consumer of services are used in contracts with tour operators, hotels, carriers, guides who carry out individual activities. Such data are taken into account in business processes to form personal tourist experience and customize targeted advertising with its help. In this regard, the issue of improving the mechanisms for protecting tourists personal data is becoming relevant.

The purpose is to establish the content of personal data protection in the field of tourism.

Research objectives: to determine the state of personal data protection; establish legal requirements for tour operators to ensure personal data protection of tourists; summarize the jurisprudence on research subject.

Methodology. The article is based on such methods as: analysis, description, interpretation, generalization, formal-legal.

Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the protection of tourists personal data is carried out by the norms of several federal legislative acts; tour operators independently establish a list of necessary information about the tourist for conducting activities and determine the policy regarding customers personal data processing; claims against tour operators with reference to the norms of civil legislation on the protection of personal data as independent requirements are not presented.

Conclusion. Personal data of tourists are protected by special federal legislation and many departmental regulations prescribing the obligation to ensure the safety of personal confidential information about the tourist and the customer of the service. In cases of this category, other legal methods of protecting the intangible good in question are used (norms of the law on personal data, administrative and criminal legislation), the explanation for which is seen in the unresolved issues related to the legal regime of two phenomena - personal data and private life.

Relevance. Proof is carried out at all stages of the criminal procedure, therefore, its clear legal regulation is important. Different approaches of law enforcement officers to the definition and correlation of concepts such as "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" lead to errors made in investigative and judicial practice related to the one-sidedness or incompleteness of the investigation of the circumstances of the case, an incorrect assessment of the information found and, as a result, unjustified procedural decisions.

The purpose of the research is to identify the essence of the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" and their relationship in theory and in practice.

The objectives of the research: to identify the essence of the concept of "subject of proof"; to explore practical approaches to defining the concept of "limits of proof"; to determine the relationship between the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" in theory and in practice.

The methodology of the research is presented by the dialectical method, the historical and legal method, the comparative legal method, the method of systematization, the method of abstraction.

Results. In the course of the research, the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof" were revealed and their characteristic features were determined. Based on the comparison of these concepts, the difficulties of corectly interpreting them in practice were revealed, which leads to investigative and judicial errors. Based on the results of the study, recommendations were developed and formulated to improve the practice of applying the norms of evidentiary law.

Conclusion. There are different approaches to the definition and correlation of the concepts of "subject of proof" and "limits of proof". A broader approach to the definition of "limits of proof" seems to be the most appropriate for modern conditions. This concept should include a wider range of circumstances than those listed in Article 73 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. For cognitive activity carried out within the framework of proving a criminal case, facts that are used as an argument to substantiate the presence or absence of circumstances included in the subject of proof, and the clarification of which is necessary for the correct assessment of the evidence available in the case, are no less important.

Relevance. Understanding a corrupt criminal act from the standpoint of the mechanism of its commission requires investigating the stages of its implementation through the prism of criminological transformation in interaction with ongoing processes in society and social prerequisites, which undoubtedly contributes to a more effective fight against corruption in general.

Purpose: is to identify the features of the mechanism of corrupt criminal behavior and its transformation.

Objectives: to determine the stages of the mechanism of corrupt criminal behavior, to identify their features, taking into account the forms of committing corrupt acts and their transformation in modern conditions, which is the basis for effective prevention, detection and suppression of corruption crimes.

Methodology. The research was based on dialectical, logical, system-structural, statistical methods; the method of analysis and comparison; the sociological method used in conducting the survey, the results of which are used in the study.

Results. The stages of the mechanism of corrupt behavior in the commission of crimes are analyzed; criminological features, forms of commission and types of corrupt criminal behavior are highlighted; individual aspects of the transformation of the elements of the mechanism under consideration are identified.

Conclusions. The results of the study serve to expand scientific knowledge about the mechanism of individual criminal behavior, taking into account the characteristics of a particular type of crime – corruption; at the same time, the author substantiates that the mechanism of corrupt criminal behavior and its transformation are most clearly manifested in the forms and means of committing a crime; in types of corrupt criminal behavior, but the triggering stage is the formation of motivation, it is difficult it is changeable, maturing under the influence of needs, interests, habits, etc., which determines one of the directions of preventing corruption – the impact on this component of the mechanism under consideration.

Relevance. The article presents a retrospective view of the specifics of the application of pre-trial preparation of materials in protocol form in the context of a long-term discussion about the advisability of its reintroduction as an independent accelerated procedure for investigating minor crimes with an uncomplicated composition, an attempt is made to answer the pressing questions of whether the institution of protocol form of pre-trial proceedings is in demand now and what guidelines should be followed when preparing a regulatory framework for its recreation in modern conditions.

Purposes: to study the peculiarities of legislative regulation of the protocol form of pre-trial preparation of materials in a criminal case, to formulate mandatory conditions for the reintroduction of this institution into the system of domestic pre-trial proceedings.

Objectives: analysis of legislative regulation and practice of applying pre-trial preparation of case materials; comparative analysis of author's approaches justifying the feasibility of reintroducing the protocol form of pre-trial investigation; determination of the preferred vector of development of legislation in the field of consolidation of accelerated procedures for investigating crimes of minor gravity committed in the conditions of evidence.

Methodology. When writing the article, the method of legal modeling, as well as formal-logical, statistical, historical-legal, systemic and other methods were used.

The results of the study contain theoretical provisions justifying the need to modernize the existing procedure for expedited proceedings in cases of minor and obvious crimes, taking into account the experience of using the protocol form of preparing materials in the Soviet period.

Conclusion. The results of the study made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the protocol form of preparation of materials in comparison with the modern form of accelerated pre-trial investigation - inquiry in an abbreviated form ‒ and also to formulate general requirements for the development of a legal basis for recreating the proposed accelerated procedure for investigating uncomplicated and minor crimes.

Relevance. Current weapons legislation of the Russian Federation does not take into account the impact of rapidly developing digital technologies on illegal arms trafficking. Deactivated weapons are freely sold on the Internet without the need for licensing, which creates legal gaps. Combined with the availability of information on weapon conversion and the availability of specialized components, these weapons can be easily modified to fire live ammunition, posing a serious threat to public safety.

Purpose: to study is to study the public danger of free circulation of deactivated weapons using digital technologies, as well as to develop proposals for improving criminal and other legislation to increase the effectiveness of combating crime in this area.

Objectives: include the analysis of legal gaps in the legislation regulating the circulation of deactivated weapons, the study of relevant judicial practice, the assessment of the impact of digital technologies on the distribution of deactivated weapons through Internet platforms and the availability of information on their modification, as well as the development of proposals for improving legislation and the differentiation of criminal liability.

Methodology. The research is based on general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as formal-logical, formal-legal and methods of interpretation of legal norms.

The results of the study show that the free circulation of deactivated weapons via the Internet creates conditions for their illegal modification and use for criminal purposes, which is confirmed by the analysis of judicial practice.

Conclusions. The authors propose to tighten the legislation on the circulation of deactivated weapons by introducing mandatory licensing, strengthening control over their sale and circulation through digital platforms, and clarifying the differentiation of criminal liability for the illegal circulation and modification of weapons.

Relevance. The collapse of the bipolar world and the building of international relations in conditions of increasing turbulence have led to the intensification of the use of private paramilitary forces by both states and economic entities to protect their business interests and follow geopolitical priorities. China, being one of the key actors in global economic relations, has been increasing its presence abroad since 2010 by expanding the geography of private security companies.

The purpose of the paper is to study the development of the activities of private security companies in China as a tool for expanding geopolitical influence.

The objectives are to systematize the features and activities of PSCs; review Chinese national legislation regarding private security companies; study the market for private security services in China; analyze the activities of Chinese PSCs abroad.

Methodology. The study has used applied and general scientific research methods, including systemic and comparative analysis, as well as synthesis of information on the topic of the work.

Results. The study has examined the reasons for the development of the market for private military and security services, highlighted the main advantages and disadvantages of PSCs, investigated the dynamics of the formation of Chinese PSCs, analyzed the geography of the activities of Chinese PSCs in foreign markets.

Conclusion. Given the transformation of the system for ensuring international stability, the states’ demand for private security services has increased significantly. China is armed with a national market for private security companies, some of which operate in foreign markets. The geography of the activities of Chinese PSCs coincides with the geopolitical interests of the PRC and the regions where major investment projects are being implemented.

Relevance. In the current state of international relations, the historical experience of building and maintaining communication by actors of public diplomacy (confessional structures) in conflict periods is of particular importance. One of the most difficult periods in national history was the period of the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. At the moment, however, the forces of the political and diplomatic structures of Russia's key historical denomination, the Russian Orthodox Church, were aimed at maintaining and developing a constant dialogue with the confessional organizations of the key geopolitical opponent. The central theme of this interaction was the international peacekeeping movement. It was designed to prevent the confrontation from escalating into an open conflict and formed a significant event agenda (events and forums) at which representatives of the church structures of two (and more often in a wider international composition) countries interacted, exchanged views and formed consolidated content: statements, notes, proclamations postulating the need to preserve peace in the name of higher Christian values and the preservation of lives.

The purpose of the study is to examine the practice of church diplomatic activity of the hierarchy of the Russian Orthodox Church in the interaction of the Department of External Church Relations and the Publishing Department of the Moscow Patriarchate.

Objectives: to reveal the specifics and characteristic features of the practical diplomatic organizational work of church structures in the organization of church forums in Soviet Russia in the early 1970s.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were applied during the research. To solve the tasks set by the author, historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, retrospective methods were used.

Results. The study of unique, previously unexplored and published sources allowed an unbiased reconstruction of the process of organizing a church forum in the development of the "peacekeeping activities" of the Russian Orthodox Church in the early 1970s.

Conclusions. The sources demonstrate the development of the practice of church diplomatic work, allow us to reconstruct the specifics, course, timing, dynamics and circumstances of the organization of the peacekeeping forum of the Russian Orthodox Church in the conditions of Soviet reality in the early 1970s. The role of church structures is marked and described (the Publishing Department and its chairman, the Moscow Theological Academy), directly and formally unrelated to the conduct of international work.

Relevance. The role of railway transport in modern conditions is increasing due to the intensification of economic and geopolitical processes that require constant mobility of human and material resources. In this regard, the experience of the functioning of Soviet railways is becoming in demand not only by production workers, but also by representatives of humanitarian knowledge. Any modernization of production technologies is impossible without the active and creative participation of a labor person in it. Therefore, the study of the human factor in Russian history continues to be updated. The use of newly identified sources of personal origin in the study allows us to reveal previously unknown aspects of the life of historical personalities, which is especially important in creating full-fledged portraits of statesmen who made a significant contribution to the development of the country, among which N.A. Gundobin should be included.

The purpose of the study is to comprehensively examine, on the basis of newly identified historical sources, the initial stage of the biography of the former First Deputy Minister of Railways of the USSR N.A. Gundobin.

Objectives: to reveal the specifics of the functioning of railway transport in the period under review; to characterize the main factors of N.A. Gundobin's personal and professional development.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were used as the methodological basis of the work. To solve the tasks set, the authors used historical-genetic, historical-systemic, biographical, and retrospective methods.

Results. The study and generalization of archival and memoir sources allowed us to reconstruct the events of the initial stage of personal formation and professional activity of one of the outstanding organizers of railway transport in the USSR, N.A. Gundobin.

Conclusions. Family traditions and the passage of all stages of career growth from ordinary transport professions with a responsible attitude to the assigned task allowed N.A. Gundobin to hold a high leadership position in the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR for almost 30 years, which testifies to the exceptional organizational abilities and hard work of a person who for so long ensured the functioning of an industry strategically important for the country.

The relevance. There are a lot of unlit aspects in the study of the Great Patriotic War, especially on social and everyday history and the history of everyday life. One of these issues is the issue of children in extreme wartime conditions. Taking care of children during the war years occupied an important place in the life of the Soviet state, and without a comprehensive study of this problem it is impossible to recreate a multifaceted objective picture of the Great Patriotic War. For the first time, the materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of North Ossetia Alania on the presented topic are being introduced into scientific circulation. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the work is based on regional material on the history of children's daily life during the Great Patriotic War.

The purpose of the study: to study and analyze summer wellness campaigns in North Ossetia during different years of the war, difficulties in organization, and their impact on children's health.

The objectives: to reveal the specifics of one of the aspects of children's military daily life – summer health campaigns for children; to characterize the main problems associated with the organization of children's recreation during the Great Patriotic War in the region.

Methodology. The principles of objectivity and historicism were applied during the research. The author's use of historical-genetic, historical-systemic, historical-comparative, typological, and retrospective methods contributed to the solution of research problems.

Results. The study and generalization of archival sources made it possible to objectively assess the specifics and problems of organizing summer health campaigns for children in the North Ossetian ASSR in the extreme conditions of the Great Patriotic War.

Conclusions. Despite the fact that the work on improving the health of children, organizing their recreation and leisure in wartime conditions faced organizational difficulties and had certain disadvantages, it brought positive results. Staying in summer health camps, at organized sites with additional meals, affected the health of weakened children. Unfortunately, the conditions of wartime did not allow this work to be carried out on a larger scale with the service of all children who needed food, rest, and care.

The research relevance is that for the modern system of education of a citizen in Russia it is necessary to develop a systemic approach to the use of historical and cultural heritage, including the example of the period of the Great Patriotic War. The study was conducted on the example of the Republic of Adygea.

The research purpose is to consider the modern practice of patriotic education of young people on the example of the Republic of Adygea.

The research objectives are to consider the basics of patriotic education in the modern Republic of Adygea; in identifying the most influential ideas of the Soviet era, which can be adopted in the modern concept of civic and patriotic education, as well as in considering some aspects of the Soviet historical heritage in the field of civic and patriotic education of young people.

The research methodology is based on the historical and pedagogical approach and includes a group of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction), as well as a number of special methods: hist[1]riographical analysis of scientific literature on the topic of research, the method of regional political analysis, the method of descriptive qualitative research.

 Results. At present, there is an urgent need to revive the system of patriotic education in the cadet corps of the Republic of Adygea, which can use meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War, museums of military glory, as well as a number of methodological developments from the era of the Komsomol and the Soviet historical heritage.

Conclusion. It is necessary to rely on the experience of forming a civil and patriotic position among young people in the Soviet period on the example of the Great Patriotic War, which will successfully educate a generation of young people who are able to defend the interests of their homeland not only in wartime, but also in peacetime. In this regard, it is recommended to develop a program of patriotic education based on the experience of the Great Patriotic War.

The relevance. The modern socio-cultural situation requires teachers and scientists to actively search for local lore and introduce information about outstanding representatives of their region into educational practice, into the process of educating adolescents, youth, and students. The biography and activities of M.N. Klimentova-Muromtseva are not so widely known in Kursk local lore, but her creative fate is very indicative from the point of view of serving the ideals of musical art and broadcasting the traditions of national culture.

The purpose of this article is studying the creative biography of M.N. Klimentova-Muromtseva

Research objectives: research: to present the life and creative path of the singer; to characterize the creative personality of Klimentova-Muromtseva, a performer of opera and chamber repertoire, a public figure; to study her artistic environment and friendly relations with representatives of culture of the late XIX – first half of the XX centuries.

Methodology. General scientific methods of information analysis and synthesis were used, as well as a set of methods of historical, cultural, problematic and chronological nature.

Results. Maria (Marya) Nikolaevna Klimentova, by her husband Muromtsev was a native of Kursk, a singer and a teacher. While studying at the Moscow Conservatory, she was chosen by Tchaikovsky to perform the role of Tatiana, which she presented at the premiere of the opera Eugene Onegin.

Klimentova-Muromtseva's performing career was associated with the Bolshoi Theater, with the opera houses of S.I. Mamontov, S.I. Zimin. Her opera and concert repertoire was huge, and her voice and artistry were admired by listeners, music critics, and reviewers.

Since 1922, while in exile, the singer was active as a member of the board of the Russian Musical Society Abroad.

Conclusion. M.N. Klimentova-Muromtseva was friendly with many writers, composers, performers, artists and left a bright mark on the culture of her time. The singer's name should take its rightful place in the annals of the history of regional culture, acquaintance with her creative activity can become one of the factors in the formation of value orientations and civic position among the younger generation.

Relevance. The article examines the process of changing the public legal status of city magistrates through the prism of transformations in the fields of trade and urban self-government. Since 1995, a program of state support for local self-government has been implemented in Russia. Government assistance measures for small and mediu-sized businesses are developed annually. In this regard, a retrospective analysis of the experience of the functioning of magistrates, who carried out both urban management and economic and legal protection of the trade and craft population, will improve the quality of reforms at the present stage.

The purpose. To consider how the public legal status of magistrates has changed depending on state policy towards the urban population

Objectives: to analyze the main directions of the socio-economic policy of the state; to study how the competencies of magistrates and their subordination have changed depending on the existence of the Chief Magistrate

Methodology. The research is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. The scientific tools of the work consisted of the following methods of historical cognition: problem-chronological, historical-comparative, historical-genetic, historical-systemic.

Results. Magistrates, established in 1720, had a wide range of competencies and were of a state nature. Along with judicial and fiscal powers, they were endowed with many administrative functions. From February 1720 to August 18, 1727, the magistrate system represented an independent structure controlled by the Chief Magistrate. From August 1727 to May 5, 1743, due to the deprivation of the Chief Magistrate of the collegium status, magistrates began to obey the voivodes and governors, which did not affect their versatility. From May 1743 to June 1762, they were again subordinate to the Chief Magistrate.

Conclusion. Despite the temporary abolition of the Chief Magistrate and the subordination of magistrates to voivodes and governors, these institutions continued to combine judicial, administrative and fiscal powers.

Relevance. The family is the foundation on which the life of society and the state as a whole is formed. To identify the essence of these processes in the present time, it is advisable to rely on the experience of the past. In the 19th century the peasant population prevailed in Russia, so family education and the process of socialization will be most clearly presented on the example of a peasant family. It is worth noting that certain areas of peasant life have been studied more thoroughly, but there are a number of less studied aspects. It can clearly be seen at the regional level. Thus, in this work the stated topic will be studied on the example of peasant girls.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the processes of spiritual and labor education, as well as the specifics of literacy education and medical care of peasant girls in the Kursk province at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries.

Objectives of the study are: to reflect the influence of traditional methods of peasant education on the process of socialization of girls; to identify the features of education and health care for peasants, taking into account the regional specifics of these processes.

Methodology. The following methodological principles were used in the work: objectivity, historicism, dialecticism and reliability. The interrelation of the singular, the special and the general was revealed.

Results. The paper analyzes the main factors of socialization of peasants of Kursk province in the period of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The processes of spiritual, moral and labor education, the features and accessibility of education and medical care, both in the peasant environment itself and in zemstvo institutions, are considered in detail.

Conclusions. According to the results of the conducted research, it was possible to fully realize the goals and objectives, on the basis of factual material and documents, to consider the main factors influencing the process of socialization of young peasants of the designated period and region.